Resolute Catherine

Henry VIII had made up his mind that his marriage had been a crime against God. That would explain the early deaths of his children, and his lack of a male heir to carry on the Tudor line. He had theologians to support his argument, a loyal chancellor to campaign for his cause at the papal court, and every reason to believe that the pope would grant him an annulment -- just as soon as he escaped his imprisonment in an Italian castle. Henry, like other kings before him, looked forward to a marriage to a younger wife who could bear him a son.

But his first wife wouldn't step aside.

Catherine of Aragon, Queen of England, wife of Henry (and aunt to the emperor whose troops had imprisoned the pope), held firmly to her rights. She may have been short in stature, but she stood tall in dignity, justice, and moral certainty.

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The image is from a miniature of Catherine of Aragon by Lucas Horenbout, c. 1525. It is in the public domain and is free for your use.

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