Chronology

	Early History
ca. 100-600	Magyar tribes, a pagan Finno-Ugric people, begin migration from Urals south onto Russian steppes and continue west, to area between Don and lower Dnepr rivers, where they fall under the sway of the Bulgar- Turkish people.
ca. 600-900	Magyars fall under the control of the Khazars but are later freed from Khazar rule in the ninth century.
895	Magyars join Byzantine armies to fight the Bulgars
895-896	Magyars migrate farther west into the Danube-Tisza Basin. Árpád is chosen as chieftain; his male descendants become hereditary heirs of this kingdom, which became known as Hungary.
	Medieval Period
	Árpád Dynasty, ca. 900-1301
955	Magyars besiege Europe and the Byzantine Empire but are defeated by Czech and German armies.
927-97	Chieftain Géza is baptized into Roman Catholic Church.
997-1038	Géza's son, Stephen I, is recognized by Pope Sylvester II as king of Hungary, ensuring independence from Byzantium and the Holy Roman Empire.
1077-95	Latin alphabet is devised for Hungarian language. Magyars occupy Transylvania.
1090	László I (1077-95) occupies Slavonia.
1103	Kálmán I (1095-1116) takes the title of king of Croatia.
1173-96	Under Béla III, Hungary becomes one of the leading powers in southeastern Europe.
1222	Nobles force Andrew II (1205-35) to sign Golden Bull limiting crown's power.
1241	Mongols rout Hungarian army at Mohi.
1242	Mongols withdraw.
1301	Árpád line expires.
	Renaissance and Reformation
1308-42	Charles Robert wins prolonged succession struggle. Dynastic marriages link Hungary to Naples and Poland.
1343-82	Louis I reconfirms Golden Bull.
1367	First university is founded.
1387-1437	Hungary's fortunes begin to decline under Sigismund. Social turmoil erupts because of higher taxes and pressures from the magnates on the lesser nobles.
1437-44	Wars against Ottoman Turks are waged in reigns of Albrecht V (1437-39) and Ulászló I (1439-44). János Hunyadi rules Hungary as regent for infant king, László V.
	1442: Hunyadi defeats the Turks in Transylvania.
	1443: Hunyadi defeats the Turks in Serbia.
	1444: Turks defeat Hunyadi at Varna.
	1456: Hunyadi defeats the Turks again near Belgrade.
1458	Nobles crown Hunyadi's son Mátyás Corvinus (1458-90) king. Mátyás enacts numerous reforms.
1490	After the death of Mátyás, an oligarchy of magnates takes control, and the country remains in a state of anarchy until 1526.
1526	Turks defeat Hungary at Mohács.
1541	Hungary is partitioned between the Turks and the Habsburgs.
1591	Habsburgs invade Transylvania.
1664	Habsburgs rout a Turkish army at St. Gotthard in Hungary.
1681	Hungarians rebel agsinst Habsburg rule.
1683	Turks attack Habsburgs but are routed near Vienna. Ensuing western campaign drives Turks from Hungary.
1699	Turks lose almost all Hungarian possessions in Peace of Karlowitz, which ended partition.