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Medieval Mathematics and Astronomy

These sites explore aspects of the survival and growth of astronomical study and the science of mathematics in the Middle Ages.
The Art of Renaissance Science: Galileo and Perspective
Well-written multimedia presentation by Joseph W. Dauben focuses on mathematical perspective, motion, and the evolving view of scientific knowledge.
The History of Algebra
This nine-page article from the 1911 Encyclopedia covers the history of Algebra from its earliest origins through the Middle Ages and beyond.
Alhazen - Abu Ali al-Hasan ibn Alhasan - Mathematician
Alhazen was an Arabian mathematician of the 11th century. A concise article from the 1911 Encyclopedia.
Thomas Allen - English Mathematician
This article from the 1911 Encyclopedia covers Thomas Allen, who was famous for his knowledge of antiquity, philosophy and mathematics.
Hypatia of Alexandria
An introduction to the story of Hypatia with links to great online resources, by your About.com Guide to Ancient/Classical History, N.S. Gill.
Aligning Earth and Sky
Well-referenced exploration into "ancient" Japanese (c. 6th century and later) astronomy in Kinki, Kyoto, Nara and Asuka by Steve Renshaw and Saori Ihara.
Arabic Mathematics: Forgotten Brilliance?
An in-depth look at the oft-overlooked contribution of Arabic scientists to the growth of western mathematical knowledge, usefully hyperlinked. By John J O'Connor and Edmund F Robertson at the MacTutor History of Mathematics archive.
Astronomy and Astrology in the 12th century
This fairly accessible lecture by Nicholas Whyte focuses on the status of astronomy in Britain. Waning: background is a very bright yellow.
Galileo Galilei
Clear and enlightening overview of the career and accomplishments of the astronomer, physicist and astrologer, by About.com Guide to Astrology Anthony Pena.
The Galileo Project
Rice University provides an excellent source of info on the life and work of Galileo and the science of his time. Includes a timeline, glossary, maps, a searchable database of scientists and much more.
The Geometry of War
This exhibition from the Museum of the History of Science at the University of Oxford focuses on 16th- and 17th-century developments in mathematics and their application to warfare.
Johannes Kepler: His Life, His Laws and Times
Biographical info, historical background, an illustrated explanation of Kepler's laws of planetary motion, and a timetable of events, at the Kepler Mission website.
Mathematics: Ancient Science and Its Modern Fates
Nice exhibit at the Vatican Library reveals how Renaissance scholars relearned ancient mathematics. Be sure to read the note on the wall.
Renaissance Mathematics
Lesson plan by Juan Wang provides a general introduction to the state of learning in the late middle ages and covers factors contributing to mathematical development as well as progress in arithmetic.
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