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Medieval History: Most Popular Articles

These articles are the most popular over the last month.
Death Defined
A graphic description of Black Death symptoms and causes of the disease.
Posting Policy for the Medieval History Forum
Posting Policy for the Medieval History Forum Thank you for participating in discussions here at the
Castle Terminology Quiz
Castle Terminology Quiz The construction and use of castles required a host of terms to describe their
Beowulf Quiz
Beowulf Quiz Here are 25 questions to test your knowledge of the poem Beowulf and its history. Don't
The Black Death
A quick introduction to the horrific plague of the 14th century known as the Black Death, with links to further resources, here at the Medieval History site.
The Black Death Comes to Europe, 1347
Map of the route the Black Death took to arrive in Europe in 1347
Beowulf
Beowulf is the oldest surviving epic poem in the English language and the earliest piece of vernacular European literature.
Crusades Basics
A simple introduction to Crusades history, offering a rundown of the basics of the significant religious wars of the Middle Ages.
Medieval Atlas - Europe - A Directory to Medieval European Maps on the Web
An index of maps that depict Europe and the nations within it during the Middle Ages.
Medieval Clothing and Fabrics
What did people wear in the Middle Ages? Find out in this introduction.
Charlemagne
Charlemagne consolidated a large portion of Europe under his rule, promoted learning, and instituted innovative administrative concepts.
Defining the Middle Ages
When did the Middle Ages start and end? A look at some of the many different ways this much-misunderstood era is defined
The Book of Kells
The Book of Kells is a stunningly beautiful manuscript from the early Middle Ages containing the Four Gospels. This introduction provides information about the origins and history of the book, its construction, and a modern reconstruction, and offers suggested reading.
Knights Templar
A concise introduction to the origins, expansion, organization and downfall of the Templars, the warrior monks who defended pilgrims in the Holy Land.
Richard the Lionheart
A biography of King Richard I of England, known as Richard the Lionheart.
King Richard I of England
King Richard I of England was known as Lionheart for his courage and prowess on the battlefield.
Medieval Clip Art
A collection of medieval-themed clip art, including shields, swords, knights and ladies, created by your Guide.
Charlemagne Facts
This study guide offers general information to help you learn about Charlemagne. Here are some important facts about Charlemagne's birth and family, conquests and campaigns, administration, cultural impact and legacy.
El Cid
El Cid - National Hero of Spain - Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar
A Medieval Atlas
Find the map you need or explore some fascinating pieces of the past.
Avoid the Plague
a simple how-to on staying alive during the black death
Renaissance Love Poems
English love poems of the Renaissance era by six poets.
Origins of Plague
Map of the possible origins of the 14th-century plague and the route it took to Europe.
Spread of the Black Death
A series of maps by your guide depicting how the dreaded 14th-century plague spread through Europe
The Medieval Child, Part 1
The first in a series of articles exploring the status and daily life of children in the Middle Ages, Part I examines the concept of childhood, the importance of children, and the question of affection in the medieval family.
Medieval Atlas - Maps of All of Europe - Medieval European History in Maps
An index of continental maps of Europe and maps that depict portions of Europe during the Middle Ages.
Medieval Underwear
What men and women wore under their clothing in the Middle Ages.
Clip Art Castles
Castle graphics, icons, castle images, towers, walls,castle clip art
Abu Bakr
Abu Bakr was the closest friend and companion of Muhammad and the first Muslim caliph. He was one of the first men to convert to Islam, and was chosen by the Prophet as his companion on the hijrah to Medina.
Medieval Atlas - Maps of Constantinople - Byzantine Capital City in Maps
A selection of maps depicting Constantinople in Medieval times.
Top Books about Templar Knight
Your Guide's choices for the best books that offer factual historical information about the Templar Knights, the warrior monks of the Crusades.
Joan of Arc Picture Gallery
Manuscript images, statues, post-medieval portraits and other images associated with Joan of Arc, the Maid of Lorraine.
About Who's Who
A resource to help you find information on the web and off about significant individuals from the Middle Ages and Renaissance.
Medieval Concentration
Test your memory with this medieval-themed matching memory game from your Guide.
Clovis - Frankish King - Founder of the Merovingian Dynasty
Clovis was the founder of the Merovingian dynasty of Frankish kings, and became a Catholic instead of an Arian Christian.
Donatello
Donato di Niccolo di Betto Bardi, called Donatello, was one of the foremost sculptors of the Italian Renaissance. He was a master of both marble and bronze, and had an extensive knowledge of ancient sculpture.
General Knowledge Quiz - Medieval History
General Knowledge Quiz Here are ten questions on a variety of topics from the Middle Ages. How well do
The Toga
Illustration of a man wearing a plain white toga over an off-white tunica.
Medieval Atlas - Cities and Towns - Medieval Town and CityMaps
An index of maps that focus on individual cities and towns in the Middle Ages.
Dante Alighieri - Poet - Philosopher - Political Thinker
Dante Alighieri is often considered the finest poet of the Middle Ages.
What Made Charles So Great?
An introduction to the life of Charlemagne and his impact on European history.
The Stola
Illustration of a woman wearing a stola over a tunica with a palla for a cloak.
Defining the Knight
Issue #1 of Knight Life: Who and what was the Medieval Knight?
Eleanor of Aquitaine
Eleanor of Aquitaine, Queen of France and later England, was arguably the most powerful woman of High Medieval Europe.
Medieval Atlas - Political Map of Europe in 1346
A map of Europe depicting the political boundaries of Europe in 1346, just before the Black Death reached the continent, by your guide.
Harold Godwinson - King Harold II of England
King Harold Godwinson was the last Anglo-Saxon king of England.
The Medieval Child
An index to our series of articles about childhood in the Middle Ages.
Harun al-Rashid
Harun al-Rashid was the fifth Abbasid caliph. He and his fabulous court at Baghdad are immortalized in The Thousand and One Nights
Alchemy in the Middle Ages
An introduction to the proto-science of alchemy, its origins and history, the goals and achievements of medieval alchemists, its disreputable associations, and some recommended reading from your Guide.
The Beowulf Story
A description of the events that transpire in the Old English Epic poem, Beowulf.
The Chaucer Quiz
Shell for testing HTML code and text.: geoffrey chaucer quiz script quick quiz script src text javascript
The Medieval History Starter Quiz
A quick and easy quiz for newcomers to the Middle Ages.
Hildegard of Bingen Quotes
Quotations written by German abbess, composer and mystic Hildegard of Bingen.
Wool
The sources of wool, types of wool, and uses of wool in medieval Europe.
Pope Innocent III
Pope Innocent III was one of the most powerful and influential popes of the Middle Ages.
Germany - The Protestant Reformation - Martin Luther
Online text of the History of Germany; public domain document that you may copy, download, print and distribute as you see fit. Page Ten: The Protestant Reformation: Martin Luther.
General Knowledge Quiz II - Medieval History
General Knowledge Quiz II This mixed bag of general questions about the Middle Ages will test your knowledge
The Medieval Child, Part 2
The second in a series of articles exploring the status and daily life of children in the Middle Ages, Part 2 examines childbirth and baptism.
The Bad Old Days - The Dead
Measures against getting buried alive that were never taken. Part of your Guide's refutation of the infamous Bad Old Days net hoax
Charlemagne Timeline
This study guide offers general information to help you learn about Charlemagne. The timeline of Charlemagne's life provides a chronological listing of significant events in the Frankish king's life and reign.
The Medieval Child, Part5
The fifth in a series of articles exploring the status and daily life of children in the Middle Ages, Part 5 examines education during adolescence.
Otto the Great - Holy Roman Emperor
Emperor Otto the Great consolidated the German Reich and made significant advances for secular influence in papal politics.
The Avignon Papacy
The Avignon Papacy was the period in the 14th century when the popes lived in and operated out of Avignon, France, instead of their traditional home in Rome
The Medieval History Starter Quiz - Question One
The Medieval History Starter Quiz Question 1 There are no precise, incontrovertible dates to define the
Civilization of Renaissance
The complete text of the Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy by Jacob Burckhardt. A public-domain document online here at the Medieval History site.
Europe on the Eve of Plague
A map depicting the political boundaries of nations in Europe in the year 1346, from your Guide.
Young Henry
Portrait of Henry as a child by an unknown artist.
1349
Map of the spread of the Black Death in Europe in the year 1349, by your Guide.
Medieval History Quizzes from Your Guide
Quizzes about medieval topics devised by your Guide
Christopher Columbus
Christopher Columbus made a historic voyage in 1492, searching for a westward route to the treasures of the east and instead encountering a new world.
The Spread of the Black Death through Italy
A map depicting the Spread of the Black Death through Italy in the 14th century, by your Guide.
The Quest for Conquest Quiz
The Quest for Conquest Quiz What do you really know about the Norman Conquest? This quiz will test your
Defining Middle Ages, cont'd
The Middle Ages are often broken into three sub-eras: Early, High, and Late Middle Ages.
Paracelsus Quotations
Paracelsus was a physician and alchemist who made groundbreaking advances in the field of medicine.
Constantine the Great
Constantine the Great was the first Roman emperor to profess Christianity. Constantine's support of the religion would help transform it into the institution it would remain through the Middle Ages.
King John of England
During his reign, King John of England was forced to sign the Magna Carta and lost most of England's possessions in France.
Saladin
Salah Ad-din Yusuf Ibn Ayyub, or Saladin, was the most famous Muslim hero and a consummate military tactician
Urban II
Pope Urban II launched the Crusade Movement with his call to arms at the Council of Clermont.
Medieval Atlas - Maps of England - Medieval English History in Maps
An index of maps that depict England throughout the Middle Ages.
The Diabolical Black Death Quiz - Question One
The Diabolical Black Death Quiz Question 1 Contemporary chroniclers tended to exaggerate the number of
An Insidious Spread
A map depicting the spread of the Black Death in Europe from July to December, 1348
Charlemagne Biography
This study guide offers general information to help you learn about Charlemagne. This overview is an introductory biography of the important Frankish king.
Frequently Asked Medieval History Questions
Frequently asked questions about medieval history, from your About.com Guide
Medieval Atlas - Maps of France - Medieval French History in Maps
An index of maps depicting all or portions of France during the Middle Ages.
Images from the Book of Kells
Public-domain images from the Book of Kells, free for your use, here at the Medieval History site.
Regional and Period Clothing
Medieval clothing varied according to the time frame as well as the region. Here are some societies (and segments of society) whose clothing styles are especially evocative of their cultures.
Petrarch - Founder of Renaissance Humanism - Francesco Petrarca
One of the most influential poets of the Middle Ages, Petrarch is generally considered the founder of Renaissance Humanism.
Raphael Sanzio - Extraordinary Renaissance Artist
Raphael Sanzio is considered by many to have produced some of the world's most beautiful paintings. .
Medieval Christmas Traditions
Christmas traditions that began or evolved during the Middle Ages.
Medieval Atlas - Maps of the Holy Roman Empire - Medieval Germany in Maps
An index of maps that depict all or portions of the Holy Roman Empire during the Middle Ages.
The F-Word
Feudalism was once considered the prevailing social system of medieval Europe. But most medievalists have serious problems with both the term and the concept it describes.
A Swift Strike
A map depicting the spread of the Black Death from January to June, 1348
Medieval Atlas - Maps of Asia - Medieval Asia in Maps
An index of maps that depict Asia or portions of Asia during the Middle Ages.
Famous Medieval Couples
A survey of some of the most famous -- and not-so-famous -- couples in Medieval and Renaissance history and fiction.
The Medieval Child, Part 3
The third in a series of articles exploring the status and daily life of children in the Middle Ages, Part 3 examines life for the infant and a child's chances of survival.
The Bad Old Days - Tomatoes
Why tomatoes were sometimes considered poisonous in the late Middle Ages. Part of your Guide's refutation of the infamous Bad Old Days net hoax.
Leif Ericsson
A profile of Leif Ericsson, the Scandinavian explorer who visited North America around the year 1000. Leif also governed Greenland and was a devout convert to Christianity.
King William I of England - William the Conqueror
Basic information and useful websites about William the Conqueror.
Donatello Sculpture Gallery
A selection of sculptures and carvings by the master of Renaissance sculpture, Donatello.
The Dream of the Rood
The Old English lyric The Dream of the Rood is the earliest English dream poem to be found in written form. The Dream of the Rood was first discovered on the Ruthwell Cross.
Who's Who in Medieval History - Index by Profession: Rulers, Royalty & Nobility
Find a medieval historical figure by his role in society, from your About.com Guide
Medieval Atlas - The Germanic Kingdoms and the East Roman Empire in 486
A map of Europe depicting the distribution of the Germanic tribes and the extent of the Eastern Roman empire in 486.
David in Bronze
Sculpture of the David in Bronze by Donatello
Erik the Red
Erik the Red founded the first European settlement on Greenland.
Medieval Atlas - Fourteenth Century Maps - Chronological Map Index
Maps of political boundaries as they stood in the fourteenth century.
The Medieval Child, Part 6
The circumstances of medieval youths who worked as servants or laborers throughout their adolescence.
Renaissance Poetry: William Shakespeare
A poem from the Renaissance era by William Shakespeare, from your Mining Co. Guide
European Peasant Dress
Undergarments, overgarments, accessories and everyday clothes for members of the medieval working class.
Primary Characters in Beowulf
Brief descriptions of the most significant figures of the Beowulf poem.
Baron
In the Middle Ages, there was no specific rank associated with the term Baron.
Medieval Atlas - Maps of Byzantium - The Eastern Roman Empire in Maps
An index of maps that depict all or portions of the Eastern Roman Empire during the Middle Ages.
Medieval
An explanation of the origin and history of the term medieval.
Introducing Knight Life
Introducing a semi-regular feature about the medieval knight.
Medieval Atlas - Maps of Italy - Medieval Italian History in Maps
An index of maps that depict all or portions of the Italian peninsula and the isle of Sicily during the Middle Ages.
The Diabolical Black Death Quiz
Fifteen questions about the dreadful epidemic of the fourteenth century, the disease that caused it, and the strange events that it triggered.
Saint Patrick
One of the patron saints of Ireland, Saint Patrick is credited with bringing Christianity to the Emerald Isle.
The History of Algebra
The first mention of the word algebra is to be found in the title of a work by Mahommed ben Musa al-Khwarizmi, who flourished about the beginning of the 9th century.
Realistic Medieval Films
Your Guide's choice of ten films that effectively blend realism and good storytelling in a medieval setting.
The Black Death Spreads through France
A map of the routes taken by the Black Death through France in the 14th century, by your Guide.
The Medieval History Starter Quiz - Question Two
The Medieval History Starter Quiz Question 2 The western portion of the empire may have fallen, but the
Manor
The medieval manor was an agricultural estate, and more.
The Bad Old Days - Baths
Medieval man liked to bathe, and babies were never thrown out with the bathwater. Part of your Guide's refutation of the infamous Bad Old Days net hoax.
Medieval Atlas - Origins and Spread of the Black Death in Asia
A map depicting the possible routes via which the plague spread through Asia in the mid-fourteenth century, created by your guide.
Four Evangelist Symbols
Public-domain images of the Four Evangelist Symbols from the Book of Kells, free for your use, here at the Medieval History site.
Medieval Atlas - Map of Constantinople
A map of Constantinople at the end of the Byzantine Empire and the beginning of the Ottoman Empire.
King Henry VIII of England
Henry VIII's political maneuverings resulted in a break with the Catholic Church and the launch of the English Reformation.
Medieval Atlas - Map of the Known World in the 5th Century
A map of Europe, Asi and Africa depicting the territory known to European scholars, leaders and traders of the late 5th century, by your guide.
Pope Alexander VI
Pope Alexander VI - Rodrigo Borgia - is the most famously corrupt pope in history.
Medieval Atlas - Maps of Iberia - Medieval Spain and Portugal in Maps
An index of maps that depict all or portions of Spain, Portugal, or the entire Iberian peninsula through the Middle Ages.
The Diabolical Black Death Quiz - Question Four
The Diabolical Black Death Quiz Question 4 Where was the first recorded instance of the Black Death in
Medieval Food Preservation
Keeping food edible for months and even years during the Middle Ages. Page one: drying foods, preserving foods with salt, and smoking meat and fish.
Medieval Atlas - Maps of Scandinavia - Medieval Scandinavian History in Maps
An index of maps that depict all or portions of Scandinavia, including Denmark, Sweden, Norway and Iceland during the Middle Ages.
King Francis I of France
King Francis I of France is considered France's first Renaissance King.
Young King Henry VIII
Portrait of Henry VIII in early manhood by an unknown artist.
Welcome to the Middle Ages!
An introduction to Medieval History and the marvelous subjects it includes.
A Medieval Love Story
Peter Abelard and his student, Heloise, engaged in a true-life romance in the 12th-century.
Portrait of Joan
Manuscript images, statues, post-medieval portraits and other images associated with Joan of Arc, the Maid of Lorraine.
The Medieval History Starter Quiz - Question Three
The Medieval History Starter Quiz Question 3 After the Roman Empire collapsed in the west, many Barbarian
Symbolisms of Heraldry
These symbolisms were extracted from the 1898 publication, The Symbolisms of Heraldry or A Treatise on the Meanings and Derivations of Armorial Bearings, by W. Cecil Wade. The document is in the public domain, and you may copy, print, download or distribute it as you see fit. Page One: Colors and Metals.
King Philip IV of France
Philip the Fair is well known for his troubles with the papacy.
Donatello's Statue of St. George
A bronze clopy of Donatello's marble Statue of St. George
Medieval Atlas - Maps of Britain - Medieval British History in Maps
An index of maps that depict all or portions of the British Isles during the Middle Ages.
Forge a Sword
a simple how-to on pattern-welding a sword in the early middle ages
Fun & Games - Medieval History
Pages at the Medieval History site that offer fun and amusement
The Signature of Joan of Arc
The signature of Jehanne.
The Diabolical Black Death Quiz - Question Two
The Diabolical Black Death Quiz Question 2 The particular epidemic of the fourteenth century originated
General Knowledge Quiz III - Medieval History
Medieval History General Knowledge Quiz III Sorry, but this quiz requires that you have javascript turned
Knight Life #5: A Castle in the Background
The castle was an integral part of a knight's life.
Books about Medieval Knights
An accurate picture of the medieval knight is not easy to draw. Here are books that succeed in separating fact from fantasy and in providing a fairly clear look at the historical knight of the Middle Ages.
The Bad Old Days - Canopy Beds
The real development of canopy beds in medieval Europe. Part of your Guide's refutation of the infamous Bad Old Days net hoax.

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